Outlined in the report were: all working age people would pay a National Insurance tax, and Benefits would be paid to the sick, unemployed, retired or widowed. The state of the economy had contributed to both elections also 1945 voters remembered the conservative led crippled economy of the 1930s; and in 1951 voters judged labour on the struggling economy of the time. Granted, in 45 Labour obviously won a landslide of the seats, but a majority of 8% is far from a landslide of the votes. however we spent the time on social reform. called for Churchill however made a gross error in saying that Labour would need a Gestapo like organisation to enforce socialism upon Britain. The Conservatives' campaign focused on Churchill and international relationships rather than any major new reforms that the electorate so desperately wanted. Reply 1 7 years ago A TSR George OP Morrison, was moved to minister of employment, Proposed introduction of It had several effects, all of which were harmful in both the long and short term. Labour's achievements, or rather what they did not achieve, can be linked as to why they lost: they had arguably successfully set up a welfare state but had also induced an economic crisis. Mr Churchill's Declaration of Policy to the Electorate. What seems stingingly ironic is that in 1951 the Labour party actually received the largest percentage of the vote than any other party had in Britain's history and still lost the election. Iron and steel nationalisation By 1951, however, their roles had reversed. The Conservatives voted against the creation of a centralised health service in 1946, preferring rather the idea of state provision of healthcare administered at local level. billion he had hoped for, Repayable at Two cabinet ministers resigned in protest &ndash . In addition, after the Korean War broke out in 1950, Britain decided to rearm. In 1951 Winston Churchill's Conservative party, won the general election, and this would be the start of 13 years of Conservative rule pning three prime ministers. Conservative opposition fell off quickly, however, when the popularity of the NHS became increasingly apparent following its inception in 1946. Firstly, the party enacted most of its initial 1945 manifesto pledges in establishing the NHS, founding the Welfare State, and building one million new homes. 1 He belonged to the first intake of students at the Ecole polytechnique in 1794 and went on to become an iron engineer. Indeed, after signing the Munich Agreement, Chamberlain was heralded as a hero: 'saving' the country from another bloody war. Increase in liberal votes in 1964 meant that conservative vote decreased, therefore labour required less votes to win. So a better question is why did labour lose so many seats in '50. The Labour Party, led by Attlee won a landslide victory and gained a majority of 145 seats. administration (up to After gaining such a large majority in 1945, most Labour politicians felt relatively assured that they had at least 10 years in office secured. Labour's promises of social reforms won them many votes, however it was these promises which led to their failure in 1951, when many people believed that the promises hadn't been delivered. <p>The NHS had been established by the post-war Labour government in 1948. Conservatives 290, 1950-51 Labour were in office However, in 1951 they could only manage 109 candidates, gaining just over 700,000 votes (2.6% of entire vote). The split ran deep within the Labour party and consequently it was deeply weakened, so when it came to the 1951 election, Labour found it much harder to fight against the now united Conservatives who had been re-organisation under a new leader. The Labour Party was born at the turn of the 20th . Postal voting also This divided party had stood no chance against the organised, well-funded Conservatives. While it cannot be disputed that Labour kept their campaign simple, it would be ill-advised to declare that it helped enormously. Why did Labour lose the 1951 General Election? After the First World War, the Lloyd George Coalition had made many empty promises concerning reconstruction. 2% interest The popularity of the 1942 Beveridge Report, which laid much of the groundwork for the establishment of the NHS and the Welfare State, was an endorsement of Labour politics. In the summer of 1950, the Korean War broke out. The new Chancellor Sir Stafford Cripps expected of the country an austere realism which entailed the retention of rationing. The 1946 National Health Service Act provided free access to a range of hospital and general practitioner services across the country. Paul Addison argues that 1940 was the year when the foundations of political power shifted decisively leftwards for a decade By the autumn of 1942 a major upheaval in public opinion had taken place. People had lost trust in the conservatives and blamed them for Britains military short-comings, and this was important for Labours rise in support. Then, in the summer of 1947, problems arose with the US war loan to be paid to the British government, in the form of the convertibility clause. The war had played a crucial role in Labours 1945 victory, by bringing them into the public eye - they were left effectively to their own devices to rule the homefront as Churchill struggled on with the war effort. To the most left-wing Labour MPs and enthusiasts, this was a betrayal of socialist solidarity; on the other hand, to many more involved with the party this represented subservience to US demands. This is especially so when one considers the crises they faced in that year, making the 1945 blue-skies, New Jerusalem thinking incredibly difficult to sustain. She believed that Social changes should come How valid is this view in relation to the 1951 general election? In February 1957, Labour won the seat of North Lewisham in what was their first by-election gain from the Tories in almost twenty years. Indeed, Robert Pearce claims it seems very unlikely indeed that the campaign was crucial. Looking at the Labour government in these four sections of reform, of crisis, of consolidation and of division helps us to see where the party lost its huge majority. While Labour managed to retain much working class support largely because of the role class identification was playing in determining partisan support at this time the middle class had quickly become disaffected. So, at the 1950 election there was a 2.9% swing against Labour. Here you can order essay online, research paper help, assignment writing, technical writing, help with lab reports and case studies. Rather, the balance of payments problem forced the non-idealists within the leadership to face the necessary curtailing of public spending. Gaitskell adopted a similarly pragmatic approach to Britains budgetary problems and kept typically socialist long-term economic planning to a minimum. The first-past-the-post system emphasised each election's result. This aim was ill-fated and in the eyes of many economists obviously exceeded the country's economic capacity. Morisson, the Deputy Prime Minister, believed that. The campaign is all too often seen as the most important factor in Labour's landslide victory in 1945, however it is of less importance than the war or their policies, for example. why did labour lose the 1951 election. This committed the UK government to keeping the value of sterling at a stable rate against the US dollar, and this meant that the governments hands were tied as they sought to address Britains balance of payments deficit by means of international trade. e Bevanites and the Gaitsgillites. It had several effects, all of which were harmful in both the long and short term. Just over a year later, with the Labour government in deep internal crisis and running out of steam, yet another election was called. Britain's involvement in the Korean War had not been a popular decision. Morisson, the Deputy Prime Minister, believed that The very honesty and simplicity of the campaign helped enormously. Act. Their election campaign was heavily based off the idea that, if voted into power, there would be a period of consolidation after the previous years of innovation. The Labour party had suffered after 10 years in government, and their MPs had begun falling ill, some even dying. However by 1945 Labour was a strong, organised and well respected party, whilst the Conservatives were weakened by the war and internal splits. Labour to the Conservatives - was enough to tip Labour out of office in the general election held in October 1951. They suggested the election should take place the following year, in 1952, hoping the government would be able to make enough progress towards economic improvement to win the election. The question as to why Labour won the 1945 election has been the source of much in depth study since the period. Firstly, the Parliamentary party was split in its loyalties to the party leadership, and cohesion within the legislature was less assured. Aged - many were in 60s year ect. legislation, Commitment to full employment and a mixed economy, Said to focus upon its previous I feel as though Ive spent days aimlessly searching the internet for a clear answer to this question. The first-past-the-post system played a key role in both winning Labour the vote in 1945 and losing it in 1951. While the more right-wing Gaitsgillites wanted more concentration on an aggressive foreign policy on issues like the cold war. The Labour Party was created in 1900: a new party for a new century. Why Was There a Consensus British Prime Ministers 1951-1964 'Oppositions don't win elections, governments lose them'. excessive class orientated Having been given such a considerable mandate to rebuild the country in 1945, the Attlee post-war government lost popular support considerably over the next six years. In his budget, the Chancellor, Hugh Gaitskell, sought to balance his budget by imposing charges on false teeth and spectacles. However Pearce concludes that The pre-war period was significant because, during the war, it was reinterpreted. spectacles and dentures. The 1959 General Election gave the Conservatives their third successive victory, the first time that a party had won three successive general elections since Napoleonic times. Want to create your own Mind Maps for free with GoConqr? The Conservatives reluctance to accept this report was hugely beneficial to Labour who capitalised on the huge of public support behind it. Britains involvement in the Korean War also enabled the Conservatives to play on Churchills war hero status. Voters associated labour with Austerity. So, at the 1950 election there was a 2. By 1951, there were already heavy pressures on health spending. drugs. This caused widespread discontent as even during the war, bread had not been rationed. between people of different Having been given such a considerable mandate to rebuild the country in 1945, the Attlee post-war government lost popular support considerably over the next six years. UNHAPPY PARLIAMENT, Labour majority Within the Cabinet, Gaitskells decision to expand the defence budget at the expense of domestic spending enraged health minister Nye Bevan in particular, who resigned as a response to the Korean deployment. The Labour party had suffered after 10 years in government, and their MPs had begun falling ill, some even dying. years, Once lend lease had ended in 1945 (end of Thirdly, it brought about a further drop in voter confidence as external signs of infighting brought into question the competence and clarity of direction Labour could offer. members, Alongside this was the memory from Nevertheless, the war was clearly more important in raising Atlee's reputation among Britons because Attlee was effectively completely in charge of the homefront for the duration of the war. The Labour government called a snap election for Thursday 25 October 1951 in the hope of increasing its parliamentary majority. So, while Labour won the popular vote, gaining large majorities in their constituencies, the Conservatives won the majority of seats, gaining narrow victories, but in more constituencies.
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